NB 7-4 details

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NB 7-4 delaminates at S1 in the posterior-most row of the lateral column.

In Schistocerca, NB 7-4 generates the sibling intersegmental interneurons Q1/Q2, C/G, and Q5/Q6. All cross the posterior commissure. Q1, Q2, and C then extend posteriorly while G, Q5, and Q6 extend anteriorly (Raper et al., 1983 a,b). The C and G interneurons have been identified in the adult metathorax and are called IN 314 and IN 714, respectively (reviewed in Boyan and Ball, 1993).

In Drosophila NB 7-4 expresses engrailed (en) and achaete (ac) as it delaminates (Lundell et al, 1996; Skeath et al, 1992; Doe, 1992). At S2, it adds seven-up-lacZ (svp-lacZ) and muscle-specific homeobox-1 (msh) expression (Broadus et al, 1995; Buescher et al, 1997; Isshiki et al, 1997) and loses ac expression. By S3, it adds Klumpfuss (Klu) and castor (cas) expression (Yang et al, 1997; Cui and Doe, 1992; Cui and Doe, 1995). Expression of en, svp-lacZ, msh, Klu, and cas continues in NB 7-4 throughout S4 and S5.

Schmidt et al. (1997) described the NB 7-4 lineage as consisting of 8-12 interneurons that cross the posterior commissure and then extend both anterior and posterior, and 3-4 glial cells (2 channel glia and a lateral sub-perineural glial cell).

 A. Interneurons

The intersegmental interneurons are similarly sized (4.8 um; n=12) and project across the posterior commissure; putative homologs of Q1, Q2, and C project posteriorly, while the putative homologs of G, Q5, and Q6 project anteriorly. In addition, many local interneurons project across the posterior commissure and turn anteriorly in a medial fascicle of the connective (see Fig. 7-4B, asterisk).

 B. Glia

Similar to Schmidt et al. (1997), we observe a variable number of glia, including channel glia, sub-perineural glia and cell body glia (Fig. 7-4 A,B)

 

References:

Boyan, G.S., and Ball, E. E. (1993). The grasshopper, Drosophila and neuronal homology (Advantages of the insect nervous system for the neuroscientist). Progress in Neurobiology 41: 657-82.

Broadus, J., Skeath, J. B., Spana, E. P., Bossing, T., Technau, G. M., and Doe, C. Q. (1995). New neuroblast markers and the origin of the aCC/pCC neurons in the Drosophila central nervous system. Mech Dev 53: 393-402.

Buescher, M., and Chia, W. (1997). Mutations in lottchen cause cell fate transformations in both neuroblast and glioblast lineages in the Drosophila embryonic central nervous system. Development 124(3): 673-81.

Cui, X., and Doe, C.Q. (1992). ming is expressed in neuroblast sublineages and regulates gene expression in the Drosophila central nervous system. Development 116(4): 943-52.

Cui, X., and Doe, C.Q. (1995). The role of the cell cycle and cytokinesis in regulating neuroblast sublineage gene expression in the Drosophila CNS. Development 121(10): 3233-43

Doe, C. Q. (1992) Molecular markers for identified neuroblasts and ganglion mother cells in the Drosophila central nervous system. Development 116: 855-863

Isshiki, T., Takeichi, M., and Nose, A. (1997). The role of the msh homeobox gene during Drosophila neurogenesis: implication for the dorsoventral specification of the neurectoderm. Development 124(16): 3099-3109.

Lundell, M.J., Chu-LaGraff, Q., Doe, C.Q., and Hirsh, J. (1996). The engrailed and huckebein genes are essential for development of serotonin neurons in the Drosophila CNS. Mol Cell Neurosci 7(1):46-61.

Raper, J., Bastiani, M., and Goodman, C. S. (1983a). Path-finding by neuronal growth cones in grasshopper embyyos: I. Divergent choices made by the growth cones of sibling neurons. J. Neurosci 3(1): 20-30.

Raper, J.A., Bastiani, M. J., and Goodman, C. S. (1983b). Guidance of neuronal growth cones: selective fasciculation in the grasshopper embryo. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 48: 587-98.

Schmidt, H., Rickert, C., Bossing, T., Vef, O., Urban, J., and Technau, G. M. (1997). The embryonic Central Nervous System lineages of Drosophila melanogaster II. Neuroblast lineages derived from the dorsal part of the neurectoderm. Dev Biol 189: 186-204.

Skeath, J., and Carroll, S.B. (1992). Regulation of proneural gene expression and cell fate during neuroblast segregation in the Drosophila embryo. Development 114(4): 939-46.

Yang, X., Bahri, S., Klein, T., and Chia, W. (1997). Klumpfuss, a putative Drosophila zinc finger transcription factor, acts to differentiate between the identities of two secondary precursor cells within one neuroblast lineage. Genes Dev 11(11):1396-1408.